Working with windows API 1

Sample code. 1

Adding functionality. 2

Retrieve current keyboard layout name. 2

Changing the keyboard layout 3

Building a winForm driver 3

About the Author 4

Introduction

I think that for most of the non English-native users, Windows OS is installed with at least 2 languages. Changing the language manually is done using ALT+CTRL, but what if you want to write a Win-Form that will select the language automatically? How to select keyboard layout? Keep reading to find out.

Working with windows API

Please read C# And API's article num.79.

In this article I will demonstrate how use:

• LoadKeyboardLayout
• GetKeyboardLayoutName

Other resources

• Languages identifier:  (complete list is here Languages table)

Sample code

OK, now that we’ve got the knowledge, let’s start working.

In this demo code I will show how to create a LanguageSelector DLL.

1. Create a new C# Class Library project, name it LanguageSelector.
2. add : using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
3. add the following constants:
   const uint KLF_ACTIVATE = 1; //activate the layout
   const int  KL_NAMELENGTH = 9; // length of the keyboard buffer
   const string LANG_EN_US = "00000409";
   const string LANG_HE_IL = "0000040d";
4. Next import the LoadKeyboardLayout function from the “user32.dll”
   [DllImport("user32.dll")]
   private static extern long LoadKeyboardLayout(
         string pwszKLID,  // input locale identifier
         uint Flags         // input locale identifier options
         );
5. The same import for the GetKeyboardLayoutName:
   [DllImport("user32.dll")]
   private static extern long GetKeyboardLayoutName(
         System.Text.StringBuilder pwszKLID  //[out] string that receives the name of the locale identifier
         );

• Please notice the StringBuilder – one could use [MarshelAs…] property instead of the StringBuilder. For the simplicity of the code and not dealing with Managed / Unmanaged code, I didn’t use the marshaling system. 

Adding functionality

Retrieve current keyboard layout name

The code below warps the GetKeyboardLayoutName DLL function into more convenient method, easy to use later on.

public static string getName()

{

      System.Text.StringBuilder name = new System.Text.StringBuilder(KL_NAMELENGTH);

      GetKeyboardLayoutName(name);

      return name.ToString();

}

Tip: One should use the above function in order to discover the installed languages on the target machine.

Changing the keyboard layout

The next two functions force the keyboard layout to be changed. On my machine the Hebrew and English layouts are installed, one may add additional languages upon demand, using the appropriate language identifier.

public static void Hebrew()

{

      //load and activate the layout for the current thread

      LoadKeyboardLayout(LANG_HE_IL, KLF_ACTIVATE);

}

public static void English()

{

      //load and activate the layout for the current thread

      LoadKeyboardLayout(LANG_EN_US, KLF_ACTIVATE);

}

Building a winForm driver

Add a new C# windows application and place 3 buttons as shown below: